HMM Summary Page: TIGR02182

AccessionTIGR02182
NameGRXB
Functionglutaredoxin, GrxB family
Gene SymbolgrxB
Trusted Cutoff186.65
Domain Trusted Cutoff186.65
Noise Cutoff134.20
Domain Noise Cutoff134.20
Isology Typeequivalog
HMM Length209
Mainrole CategoryEnergy metabolism
Subrole CategoryElectron transport
Gene Ontology TermGO:0006790: sulfur compound metabolic process biological_process
GO:0015035: protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity molecular_function
GO:0042965: glutaredoxin biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045454: cell redox homeostasis biological_process
GO:0055114: oxidation-reduction process biological_process
AuthorSelengut J
Entry DateMay 7 2004 12:36PM
Last ModifiedFeb 14 2011 3:27PM
CommentGlutaredoxins are thioltransferases (disulfide reductases) which utilize glutathione and NADPH as cofactors. Oxidized glutathione is regenerated by glutathione reductase. Together these components compose the glutathione system [1]. Glutaredoxins utilize the CXXC motif common to thioredoxins and are involved in multiple cellular processes including protection from redox stress, reduction of critical enzymes such as ribonucleotide reductase and the generation of reduced sulfur for iron sulfur cluster formation. Glutaredoxins are capable of reduction of mixed disulfides of glutathione as well as the formation of glutathione mixed disulfides. This model includes the highly abundant E. coli GrxB (Grx2) glutaredoxin which is notably longer than either GrxA or GrxC. Unlike the other two E. coli glutaredoxins, GrxB appears to be unable to reduce ribonucleotide reductase [2], and may have more to do with resistance to redox stress [3].
ReferencesRN [1] RM PMID: 14713336 RT Glutaredoxins: glutathione-dependent redox enzymes with functions far beyond a simple thioredoxin backup system. RA Fernandes AP, Holmgren A. RL Antioxid Redox Signal. 2004 Feb;6(1):63-74. RN [2] RM PMID: 15123823 RT Interactions of glutaredoxins, ribonucleotide reductase, and components of the DNA replication system of Escherichia coli. RA Ortenberg R, Gon S, Porat A, Beckwith J. RL Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 27 [Epub ahead of print] RN [3] RM PMID: 11741965 RT Characterization of Escherichia coli null mutants for glutaredoxin 2. RA Vlamis-Gardikas A, Potamitou A, Zarivach R, Hochman A, Holmgren A. RL J Biol Chem. 2002 Mar 29;277(13):10861-8. Epub 2001 Dec 10.